Oregon Convention Center - Portland, OR, USA
Color shade indicates the magnitude of a surprise (positive or negative). Grey means no suprise. Read more.
# | Name | Bout Difficulty vs. Outcome * | Pool Victories | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pool | DE | Exp. | Act. | Diff. | ||
1 | KIM ELIJAH | V D V V V V | V V V V V V V V | 4.9 | 5 | +0.1 |
2 | MUNGUIA Nathan | V V V V V D | V V V V V V V D | 5.3 | 5 | -0.3 |
3 | KANG Evan R. | V V V V V V | V V V V V V D | 5.6 | 6 | +0.4 |
3 | LI Howard | V V V V V V | V V V V V D | 5.4 | 6 | +0.6 |
5 | MEYERSON Jacob | V V V V V V | V V V V D | 5.0 | 6 | +1.0 |
5 | ANTHONY Devyn V. | V V V V V V | V V V V D | 5.8 | 6 | +0.2 |
7 | JOO Jeein | V V V V V V | V V V V D | 5.6 | 6 | +0.4 |
8 | ERMAKOV Semeon | V V V V V V | V V V V V D | 5.6 | 6 | +0.4 |
9 | WANG Daniel | V V V V V V | V V V D | 5.6 | 6 | +0.4 |
10 | HWANG Jayden | V V V V V V | V V V V D | 5.3 | 6 | +0.7 |
11 | PASTORE LIU Vince | V V V V V V | V V V V D | 5.3 | 6 | +0.7 |
12 | KOVALEV Daniil N. | V V V V V V | V V V V D | 5.0 | 6 | +1.0 |
13 | LIN Maxim | V V V V D V | V V V V D | 4.5 | 5 | +0.5 |
14 | BIVIJI Ali | V V V D V V | V V V V D | 4.8 | 5 | +0.2 |
15 | LEE Brady | V V V D V V | V V V V D | 3.2 | 5 | +1.8 |
16 | SKARBONKIEWICZ Maksymilian A. | V V V V D | V V V V D | 4.4 | 4 | -0.4 |
17 | HUANG Alex F. | V V V V V V | V V D | 5.8 | 6 | +0.2 |
18 | WU YINAN | V V V V V V | V V V D | 5.4 | 6 | +0.6 |
18 | WANG ANDREW CHANG | V V V V V V | V V V D | 4.5 | 6 | +1.5 |
20 | ZENG Vito | V V V V V V | V V V D | 4.0 | 6 | +2.0 |
21 | KIM Ethan | V V V V V V | V V V D | 5.6 | 6 | +0.4 |
22 | GREMILLION Obadiah | V V D V V V | V V V D | 3.7 | 5 | +1.3 |
23 | ZHAO Lucas | D V V V V V | V V V D | 4.9 | 5 | +0.1 |
24 | VAID Luke | V V V V V D | V V D | 5.5 | 5 | -0.5 |
25 | CHUNG Connor | V V V V V D | V V V D | 5.3 | 5 | -0.3 |
26 | URSU Marcel T. | V V D V V V | V V V D | 4.7 | 5 | +0.3 |
27 | VO Landon | D V V V V V | V V V D | 2.9 | 5 | +2.1 |
28 | LIU Aaron | D V V V V V | V V V D | 3.0 | 5 | +2.0 |
29 | MATTOO Deven | D V V V V | V V V D | 4.1 | 4 | -0.1 |
30 | GONZALEZ Jake | D V V V D V | V V V D | 5.0 | 4 | -1.0 |
31 | ZHOU William | D V V D V V | V V V D | 3.5 | 4 | +0.5 |
32 | HO Anson | V V D V V D | V V V D | 3.8 | 4 | +0.2 |
33 | KITSON Chase | V V V V V V | V D | 4.4 | 6 | +1.6 |
34 | PATEL Rayn | V V V V V V | V V D | 5.3 | 6 | +0.7 |
34 | NG Jonathan | V V V V V V | V V D | 5.3 | 6 | +0.7 |
36 | KOZLOFF Wyatt | V V V V V V | V V D | 3.3 | 6 | +2.7 |
37 | WONG Lucas | V V V V V V | V V D | 4.5 | 6 | +1.5 |
38 | ANDRES Michael | V V V V V | V V D | 4.3 | 5 | +0.7 |
39 | PINTO Marcus | V V V V D V | V V D | 4.7 | 5 | +0.3 |
40 | WANG Justin | V V V V V D | V V D | 4.9 | 5 | +0.1 |
41 | GONG Gavin | V V D V V V | V V D | 3.4 | 5 | +1.6 |
41 | ZHAO Royce | V V V V D V | V V D | 3.7 | 5 | +1.3 |
43 | CAO Oliver | V V V D V V | V V D | 3.7 | 5 | +1.3 |
43 | TSE Aiden J | V V V V V D | V V D | 5.0 | 5 | - |
45 | WAXLER Ryan | D V V V V V | V V D | 3.6 | 5 | +1.4 |
46 | STURGEON Cole | V V V V D V | V V D | 3.9 | 5 | +1.1 |
47 | LIU Victor | V D V V V V | V V D | 3.8 | 5 | +1.2 |
47 | CAO Donald | V V V D V V | V V D | 3.4 | 5 | +1.6 |
49 | KIM Kendrick | V V V V D V | V V D | 5.1 | 5 | -0.1 |
50 | BAI Evan | V V V D V V | V V D | 3.8 | 5 | +1.2 |
51 | TANI Tino | V V V D V V | V V D | 3.9 | 5 | +1.1 |
52 | SAMMI Mukul | V V V V D V | V V D | 4.0 | 5 | +1.0 |
53 | GONG zihao | V V V V D V | V V D | 4.6 | 5 | +0.4 |
54 | LIN Philip T. | V V V D V | V V D | 3.8 | 4 | +0.2 |
55 | HENDERSON Lucas | V D V V V | V V D | 3.6 | 4 | +0.4 |
56 | LI Ayden | V V V V D D | V V D | 4.5 | 4 | -0.5 |
57 | WANG Zhuoyi | D D V V V V | V V D | 5.0 | 4 | -1.0 |
58 | OH Aster | V V D D V V | V V D | 4.2 | 4 | -0.2 |
59 | SADHU Neiyam | D D V V V V | V V D | 3.2 | 4 | +0.8 |
60 | YAP Kah Kai (Cayden) | D V V V D V | V V D | 4.4 | 4 | -0.4 |
61 | LEE Andrew | V V D D V V | V V D | 5.0 | 4 | -1.0 |
62 | SARWAHI Viraat | V V V V D D | V V D | 3.0 | 4 | +1.0 |
63 | GAY Jono | D V D D V V | V V D | 4.0 | 3 | -1.0 |
64 | LUC Cedric | V D V D V D | V V D | 3.2 | 3 | -0.2 |
65 | CHON Collin | V V V V V V | D | 5.4 | 6 | +0.6 |
66 | AO Christopher | V V V V V V | V D | 3.5 | 6 | +2.5 |
67 | NGO Maximus | V V D V V V | V D | 4.8 | 5 | +0.2 |
68 | IYER Neil | V V V D V V | V D | 3.3 | 5 | +1.7 |
69 | YU Casey | D V V V V V | V D | 3.2 | 5 | +1.8 |
70 | GREENSTEIN Viktor | V D V V V V | V D | 4.0 | 5 | +1.0 |
71 | NARDINI Nathanael P. | V V V V D V | V D | 4.0 | 5 | +1.0 |
72 | CRICOL Damian | V V V V D | V D | 2.4 | 4 | +1.6 |
73 | ANAND Rishab | V V V V D | V D | 3.4 | 4 | +0.6 |
74 | YOOK Isaac | V V D V D V | V D | 4.2 | 4 | -0.2 |
75 | SALMAN Hamzah | V D V D V V | V D | 3.5 | 4 | +0.5 |
76 | XU Ivan | V D V V D V | V D | 3.8 | 4 | +0.2 |
77 | NOVOSYOLOK Zachary | V V V V D D | V D | 3.7 | 4 | +0.3 |
78 | MEHAN Nicholas | V D V V V D | V D | 5.5 | 4 | -1.5 |
79 | YANG Phillip | V V D D V V | V D | 3.8 | 4 | +0.2 |
80 | HOLZ Lucas | D V V V D V | V D | 4.0 | 4 | - |
81 | JOUFFLINEAU Yohann | V V D V D V | V D | 2.6 | 4 | +1.4 |
81 | ZLATINSKI Jason | V V D V D V | V D | 3.8 | 4 | +0.2 |
83 | SASSI Ilyas | V V D V D V | V D | 3.6 | 4 | +0.4 |
83 | BEVANS Auden | V D V V V D | V D | 2.5 | 4 | +1.5 |
85 | GUREVICH Benjamin | D V D V V V | V D | 4.0 | 4 | - |
85 | SANGSTER Arden | V V D D V V | V D | 3.7 | 4 | +0.3 |
87 | ARISTOV Ilya | D V V V V D | V D | 3.8 | 4 | +0.2 |
88 | DAWSON-TEECE Powell | V D V D V V | V D | 4.3 | 4 | -0.3 |
88 | LI Maxwell | V V V V D D | V D | 4.2 | 4 | -0.2 |
90 | KIARA Kinoti | D V D V V V | V D | 2.8 | 4 | +1.2 |
91 | WEI Rian | V D V D V V | V D | 3.5 | 4 | +0.5 |
92 | ZHANG KAIQI | D D V V V V | V D | 2.7 | 4 | +1.3 |
93 | KWON Kenneth | V D V V D V | V D | 3.0 | 4 | +1.0 |
93 | SU Kingston | D V V V D V | V D | 1.8 | 4 | +2.2 |
95 | KOZLOV Lucas | V V V D V D | V D | 4.0 | 4 | - |
96 | RONG Jasper | V V V D D V | V D | 3.1 | 4 | +0.9 |
96 | AROUNA Ilan | D V V V V D | V D | 4.3 | 4 | -0.3 |
98 | CHENHE YuHan | D V V V V D | V D | 3.6 | 4 | +0.4 |
99 | LUC Linkin | V V V D D V | V D | 2.3 | 4 | +1.7 |
100 | CHAN Henry | D D V V V V | V D | 4.0 | 4 | - |
101 | GU Andrew | V V V D D | V D | 3.0 | 3 | - |
102 | KANG Matthew | D D V V V | V D | 3.1 | 3 | -0.1 |
103 | CHEN Jack | D V D V V | V D | 2.3 | 3 | +0.7 |
104 | KANG Jeremy | V V D V D D | V D | 4.2 | 3 | -1.2 |
105 | WONG Ron | D D V D V V | V D | 2.8 | 3 | +0.2 |
106 | FANG Eason | V V D D D V | V D | 3.6 | 3 | -0.6 |
107 | LIU Ethan | D V V V D D | V D | 2.6 | 3 | +0.4 |
108 | LIN Alex | D V D D V V | V D | 1.7 | 3 | +1.3 |
109 | KROON Landon | V D D V V D | V D | 3.3 | 3 | -0.3 |
109 | LI linze | D V D V V D | V D | 3.5 | 3 | -0.5 |
111 | CHEN Cooper | D D V V D V | V D | 2.3 | 3 | +0.7 |
112 | GU Kevin | V D D D V V | V D | 1.9 | 3 | +1.1 |
113 | WANG Max | D V V D V D | V D | 3.6 | 3 | -0.6 |
114 | HWANG Hagan | V D D V D V | V D | 3.5 | 3 | -0.5 |
114 | BRIMMER Robert (Trey) | V V D D D V | V D | 3.9 | 3 | -0.9 |
116 | SO Preston | V D V D V D | V D | 5.2 | 3 | -2.2 |
117 | CHENG Sawyer | D D V D V V | V D | 2.8 | 3 | +0.2 |
118 | PEREIRA Beckham | V V D V D D | V D | 3.8 | 3 | -0.8 |
119 | BIVIJI Adam | D V D V V D | V D | 2.8 | 3 | +0.2 |
120 | WONG Hawken | D V V D V D | V D | 3.1 | 3 | -0.1 |
121 | HU Harry | D D D V V V | V D | 3.1 | 3 | -0.1 |
122 | SOROKIN Egor | V D D V V D | V D | 2.5 | 3 | +0.5 |
123 | LI Yidong A. | V D V D D | V D | 2.5 | 2 | -0.5 |
124 | VENKATRAMAN Sudhir | V D D D V | V D | 2.0 | 2 | - |
125 | KOVACHEV Martin | V D D D V D | V D | 2.3 | 2 | -0.3 |
126 | VUONG Kyle Ka-Him | D D D V D V | V D | 3.0 | 2 | -1.0 |
127 | YU Ian | D D V D V D | V D | 3.4 | 2 | -1.4 |
128 | LI Huangziyue | D D D D V V | V D | 3.4 | 2 | -1.4 |
129 | HIBINO Uta | V V V D D V | D | 3.6 | 4 | +0.4 |
130 | YUEN Caleb | D V V V D V | D | 3.0 | 4 | +1.0 |
131 | WANG Tiger | V D V V V D | D | 3.4 | 4 | +0.6 |
132 | LIAO Yifong | V V D V D V | D | 2.1 | 4 | +1.9 |
133 | TANG Morgan | D V V V D V | D | 2.9 | 4 | +1.1 |
134 | IM Tyler | D D V V V V | D | 2.7 | 4 | +1.3 |
135 | SHA Walter | V V D D V | D | 2.8 | 3 | +0.2 |
136 | CHAMBERS Miles | D V D V V | D | 3.8 | 3 | -0.8 |
137 | RINALDI Savio | D D V V V | D | 2.0 | 3 | +1.0 |
138 | MANNINO Miller | V V D D V | D | 1.2 | 3 | +1.8 |
139 | ZHAO Lucas | V D V D V | D | 1.4 | 3 | +1.6 |
140 | NGO Emerson | D V V D D V | D | 3.3 | 3 | -0.3 |
141 | WONG Max | V D D V D V | D | 2.7 | 3 | +0.3 |
142 | WANG Michael | V V V D D D | D | 3.4 | 3 | -0.4 |
143 | SUN Andrew | V D D D V V | D | 3.3 | 3 | -0.3 |
143 | KHANNA Adamantis | V D V D D V | D | 4.2 | 3 | -1.2 |
145 | GRIGORIEV Roman | V D V D D V | D | 2.8 | 3 | +0.2 |
145 | LI Coby | D V V D V D | D | 2.8 | 3 | +0.2 |
147 | PORTER Dupree | V V V D D D | D | 3.1 | 3 | -0.1 |
148 | LIU Yijin | V D V V D D | D | 2.2 | 3 | +0.8 |
149 | YU BOWEN | V D V V D D | D | 3.6 | 3 | -0.6 |
150 | SRIVATS Vedh | D D V V V D | D | 3.8 | 3 | -0.8 |
150 | SRIVATSAV Anay | D D D V V V | D | 1.9 | 3 | +1.1 |
152 | MA Oliver | V V D D D V | D | 3.0 | 3 | - |
153 | TURNER Benjamin | V V D D V D | D | 2.0 | 3 | +1.0 |
154 | CALDWELL Jason | D V D D V V | D | 2.4 | 3 | +0.6 |
154 | MATTOO Dhruv | D D D V V V | D | 1.8 | 3 | +1.2 |
156 | HE Zhikai (kyle) | V D V D V D | D | 2.4 | 3 | +0.6 |
157 | OLSON Kai | V D D D V V | D | 2.0 | 3 | +1.0 |
158 | GAO Kai | V D D V D V | D | 1.5 | 3 | +1.5 |
159 | MILLER Charlie | V V D D D D | D | 2.6 | 2 | -0.6 |
160 | DAI Zihou | V V D D D D | D | 3.5 | 2 | -1.5 |
161 | NGUYEN Dylan Kwon | D D V V D D | D | 1.7 | 2 | +0.3 |
162 | CHUNG Loden | D D D D V V | D | 0.6 | 2 | +1.4 |
163 | KREMER Gaius | D V D V D D | D | 0.9 | 2 | +1.1 |
164 | MIAO Heqi | V D D D V D | D | 2.2 | 2 | -0.2 |
165 | YANG Harvey | V D D V D D | D | 2.5 | 2 | -0.5 |
166 | SONG Aidan | D D V D V D | D | 2.3 | 2 | -0.3 |
167 | BAERENWALD Tybalt Wolfram | V D D V D D | D | 2.4 | 2 | -0.4 |
168 | OREN Daniel | D D D V V D | D | 2.3 | 2 | -0.3 |
168 | BADMUS Joshua | V D D D D V | D | 1.4 | 2 | +0.6 |
170 | SRIVATSAV Ishaan | V D D D V D | D | 2.8 | 2 | -0.8 |
170 | BROWN Andrew | D V D V D D | D | 1.7 | 2 | +0.3 |
172 | XIAO Brayden | V D D V D D | D | 3.0 | 2 | -1.0 |
173 | SLAVNOV Anton | D D D V V D | D | 2.7 | 2 | -0.7 |
174 | LAU Kyrus | D D V V D D | D | 2.5 | 2 | -0.5 |
175 | LEE Nathan Uju | D D D V D V | D | 2.9 | 2 | -0.9 |
176 | KANIA Alexander | D D V D D V | D | 2.5 | 2 | -0.5 |
177 | FERRIS JR. Michael | D D D V V D | D | 1.6 | 2 | +0.4 |
178 | KAPOOR Krish | V D D V D D | D | 1.7 | 2 | +0.3 |
179 | BOSITA Brennan | D V D D D | D | 2.3 | 1 | -1.3 |
180 | KARAVAS Nicholas | D D D V D | D | 1.4 | 1 | -0.4 |
181 | NGUYEN Ethan | D D D V D | D | 1.1 | 1 | -0.1 |
182 | MINASIAN Mason | D V D D D D | D | 2.0 | 1 | -1.0 |
183 | ONG Dylan | D V D D D D | D | 3.1 | 1 | -2.1 |
184 | AGARWAAL Yohan | D D D D D V | D | 3.0 | 1 | -2.0 |
185 | HAO Johnny | D D V D D D | D | 2.1 | 1 | -1.1 |
186 | GAO Gino he yuan | D D D D V D | D | 1.0 | 1 | - |
187 | LIU ERIC | D V D D D D | D | 2.1 | 1 | -1.1 |
187 | YAO Zachary | D D D D V D | D | 1.8 | 1 | -0.8 |
189 | YAO Kellon(Yukun) | D D V D D D | D | 1.3 | 1 | -0.3 |
190 | QI Jeremy | V D D D D D | D | 2.2 | 1 | -1.2 |
190 | LI Ryan | D V D D D D | D | 2.2 | 1 | -1.2 |
192 | ROBINSON Ezra | D D V D D D | D | 1.6 | 1 | -0.6 |
193 | LIU Daniel | D D V D D D | D | 1.9 | 1 | -0.9 |
193 | WU Vincent | D V D D D D | D | 2.1 | 1 | -1.1 |
195 | SHEYNZON Benjamin | D D D D V D | D | 1.5 | 1 | -0.5 |
196 | ZHOU Brian | D D D V D D | D | 2.4 | 1 | -1.4 |
197 | HO Alden | D V D D D D | D | 1.7 | 1 | -0.7 |
197 | MERMEGAS Alexander | D D D D D V | D | 3.2 | 1 | -2.2 |
199 | LEE Alexander | D D V D D D | D | 1.0 | 1 | - |
200 | KUMAR Avinash | D D D V D D | D | 2.1 | 1 | -1.1 |
201 | CHAVAN Aditya | D D D D V D | D | 1.7 | 1 | -0.7 |
201 | ZHANG Aiden | D D V D D D | D | 1.5 | 1 | -0.5 |
201 | KAYDALIN David | D D D D V D | D | 2.6 | 1 | -1.6 |
204 | SOULES-ONO Makoa | D D D D V D | D | 1.9 | 1 | -0.9 |
204 | FU BRANDEN | D D D D D V | D | 2.2 | 1 | -1.2 |
206 | KANG Alan | V D D D D D | D | 0.8 | 1 | +0.2 |
206 | XU Ethan | D D V D D D | D | 1.3 | 1 | -0.3 |
208 | FOSTY Jasper | D D D D D V | D | 1.9 | 1 | -0.9 |
209 | SEELMAN Cole | D D D D D V | D | 1.3 | 1 | -0.3 |
209 | MHLEY Gavin | D V D D D D | D | 1.2 | 1 | -0.2 |
211 | KAMURA Kosei | V D D D D D | D | 1.1 | 1 | -0.1 |
212 | KUSHKOV Michael | D D D D D V | D | 2.1 | 1 | -1.1 |
212 | ABADA lucca | D D D D V D | D | 2.0 | 1 | -1.0 |
214 | ZHANG Lucas | D D V D D D | D | 1.2 | 1 | -0.2 |
215 | BRADIC Andreja | V D D D D D | D | 0.5 | 1 | +0.5 |
215 | NAFTALI Ori | D D V D D D | D | 1.4 | 1 | -0.4 |
217 | VALENTINE Rhys | D D D D D V | D | 1.0 | 1 | - |
218 | AZADPOUR Arvin | D V D D D D | D | 2.1 | 1 | -1.1 |
218 | HONG Arick | D D D V D D | D | 1.0 | 1 | - |
218 | SULLIVAN Gerard | V D D D D D | D | 0.8 | 1 | +0.2 |
221 | BROOKS Drake | D D D D V D | D | 1.3 | 1 | -0.3 |
222 | LUCAS William | D D D D D D | D | 1.9 | 0 | -1.9 |
223 | ZHAO Aidan | D D D D D | D | 1.4 | 0 | -1.4 |
224 | HAN Kyle | D D D D D D | D | 1.6 | 0 | -1.6 |
225 | LIN Brendan | D D D D D | D | 2.2 | 0 | -2.2 |
226 | KELLEHER Liam | D D D D D D | D | 0.3 | 0 | -0.3 |
226 | CHEN Mannis | D D D D D D | D | 0.9 | 0 | -0.9 |
228 | ROH Jaden | D D D D D D | D | 1.1 | 0 | -1.1 |
228 | WANG Matthew | D D D D D D | D | 2.3 | 0 | -2.3 |
228 | CHEN Henry | D D D D D D | D | 1.7 | 0 | -1.7 |
231 | TAYCHER Aaron | D D D D D D | D | 2.4 | 0 | -2.4 |
231 | MEISTER Henry | D D D D D D | 1.1 | 0 | -1.1 | |
233 | LEE Winston | D D D D D | D | 1.0 | 0 | -1.0 |
233 | DURTSCHI Julian | D D D D D | D | 0.4 | 0 | -0.4 |
235 | D'AMELJ Edoardo | D D D D D D | D | 2.3 | 0 | -2.3 |
235 | BURENKOV Matthew | D D D D D D | D | 1.0 | 0 | -1.0 |
237 | AVERY Marcus | D D D D D D | D | 1.4 | 0 | -1.4 |
237 | THOMAS Liam | D D D D D D | D | 0.8 | 0 | -0.8 |
239 | MARCISZ Maksym | D D D D D D | D | 1.0 | 0 | -1.0 |
240 | CHAN Troy | D D D D D D | D | 0.4 | 0 | -0.4 |
241 | KEMP Alex | D D D D D D | D | 0.8 | 0 | -0.8 |
241 | GOTTSCHALK Theodore | D D D D D D | D | 0.9 | 0 | -0.9 |
241 | YU Joshua | D D D D D D | D | 0.1 | 0 | -0.1 |
244 | LIU Paul | D D D D D D | D | 0.5 | 0 | -0.5 |
245 | HOLMES Xavier | D D D D D D | D | 2.3 | 0 | -2.3 |
245 | VENKATRAMAN Sushil | D D D D D D | D | 0.8 | 0 | -0.8 |
245 | KASIAN Jack | D D D D D D | D | 0.3 | 0 | -0.3 |
248 | RUSH Hudson | D D D D D D | D | 2.2 | 0 | -2.2 |
Color coded boxes represent the outcome against opponents of varying difficulty levels from the perspective of the fencer. Letters inside the boxes indicate victory (V) and defeat (D).
Color | Outcome | Opponent's Difficulty | Probability of Victory |
---|---|---|---|
Victory | Very Hard | 0% to 20% | |
Victory | Hard | 20% to 40% | |
Victory | Roughly Even | 40% to 60% | |
Victory | Easy | 60% to 80% | |
Victory | Very Easy | 80% to 100% | |
Defeat | Very Hard | 0% to 20% | |
Defeat | Hard | 20% to 40% | |
Defeat | Roughly Even | 40% to 60% | |
Defeat | Easy | 60% to 80% | |
Defeat | Very Easy | 80% to 100% |
The visual cues provided in this table highlight bouts that may be considered surprises based on the relative strengths of the competitors:
This visualization is designed to give both fencers and spectators an immediate sense of the unexpected outcomes of the competition. While every bout has its unique circumstances, these indicators can help highlight moments where a fencer overcame the odds or where there was an unexpected turn of events.