Statistics Profile

Dale Karolak

1959

Plymouth/Ann Arbor Fencing Academy

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Weapon	Type	Strength	Estimate Range^*	Min	Max
Épée	Pool	2505	2323 - 2686	2505	3128
Épée	Direct elimination	2791	2602 - 2979	2666	3013
Foil	Pool	2299	2121 - 2476	2277	3116
Foil	Direct elimination	2491	2280 - 2701	2482	2890
Saber	Pool	1392	826 - 1957	1392	1559
Saber	Direct elimination	1235	329 - 2140	1235	1415

^* 95% confidence interval of the estimate (μ ± 2σ).

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Strength over time

Daily results are combined into one point. Dashed stretches indicate a less stable estimate.

Strength is a numeric summary of how a fencer has performed against other fencers over time.
The estimate usually settles after about 12 bouts, so early data can move sharply.
New fencers begin around 2500, but with high uncertainty.
Pools, direct eliminations, and mixed-gender bouts are tracked separately.
The scale runs from roughly 0 to 5000, with the average around 2500.
Beating much stronger fencers moves the estimate more than beating weaker ones.
Win probability reflects rating differences only, not style matchups or familiarity.
Per-bout changes are available in bout history.