Statistics Profile

Frank Li

2003

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Weapon	Type	Strength	Estimate Range^*	Min	Max
Épée	Pool	1981	1221 - 2740	1981	1981
Épée	Direct elimination	3205	1975 - 4434	3205	3205
Foil	Pool	1651	1376 - 1925	1651	2075
Foil	Direct elimination	1402	929 - 1874	1402	1710

^* 95% confidence interval of the estimate (μ ± 2σ).

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Strength over time

Daily results are combined into one point. Dashed stretches indicate a less stable estimate.

Strength is a numeric summary of how a fencer has performed against other fencers over time.
The estimate usually settles after about 12 bouts, so early data can move sharply.
New fencers begin around 2500, but with high uncertainty.
Pools, direct eliminations, and mixed-gender bouts are tracked separately.
The scale runs from roughly 0 to 5000, with the average around 2500.
Beating much stronger fencers moves the estimate more than beating weaker ones.
Win probability reflects rating differences only, not style matchups or familiarity.
Per-bout changes are available in bout history.