Statistics Profile
| 2025-2026 | 2024-2025 | 2023-2024 | 2022-2023 | Before 2022 | All time | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Victories | 11 | 9 | 27 | 9 | - | 56 |
| Losses | 17 | 6 | 19 | 9 | - | 51 |
| Win ratio | 39.3% | 60.0% | 58.7% | 50.0% | - | 52.3% |
| Pool victories | 10 | 8 | 21 | 7 | - | 46 |
| Pool losses | 13 | 4 | 13 | 6 | - | 36 |
| Pool win ratio | 43.5% | 66.7% | 61.8% | 53.8% | - | 56.1% |
| DE victories | 1 | 1 | 6 | 2 | - | 10 |
| DE losses | 4 | 2 | 6 | 3 | - | 15 |
| DE win ratio | 20.0% | 33.3% | 50.0% | 40.0% | - | 40.0% |
Seasons start on August 1 and end on July 31.
| 2025-2026 | 2024-2025 | 2023-2024 | 2022-2023 | Before 2022 | All time | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Easy wins† | 6 | 3 | 14 | 5 | - | 28 |
| Easy wins % | 54.5% | 33.3% | 51.9% | 55.6% | - | 50.0% |
| Close wins‡ | 2 | 1 | 3 | 1 | - | 7 |
| Close wins % | 18.2% | 11.1% | 11.1% | 11.1% | - | 12.5% |
| Close losses‡ | 4 | - | 3 | 3 | - | 10 |
| Close losses % | 23.5% | 0.0% | 15.8% | 33.3% | - | 19.6% |
| Big losses† | 4 | 2 | 11 | 1 | - | 18 |
| Big losses % | 23.5% | 33.3% | 57.9% | 11.1% | - | 35.3% |
† Easy victories or big losses are 4+ touches in pools, 7+ in standard DEs, and 5+ in veteran or youth DEs.
‡ Close bouts are 1 touch or fewer in pools, 3 or fewer in standard DEs, and 2 or fewer in veteran or youth DEs.
| 2025-2026 | 2024-2025 | 2023-2024 | 2022-2023 | Before 2022 | All time | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Events | 4 | 2 | 6 | 3 | - | 15 |
| Tournaments | 4 | 2 | 5 | 2 | - | 13 |
Place 90 of 109 Seed 90 Not ranked Rating E24 Olympian Fencing Studio
| Bout | Score | Opponent | Country | Seed | Rank | Rating | Place | Club | Opponent Strength |
Strength | Change | Win Chance |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pool
|
D | 2:5 | MANESCU Miron | 41 | - | C24 | 68 | Manhattan Fencing Center | 2064 | 1568 | 7.4 | 21% | |
Pool
|
D | 4:5 | LI Michael | 24 | - | C26 | 79 | American Institute Of Fencing / Premier Fencing Club | 1559 | 1561 | 16.4 | 50% | |
Pool
|
D | 2:5 | DAI Zihou | 8 | 155 | C26 | 10 | Z1 Fencing Club | 2017 | 1544 | 7.6 | 22% | |
Pool
|
V | 5:0 | CHIN Marseille | 91 | - | U | 100 | Long Island Fencing Center | 1824 | 1537 | 16.5 | 35% | |
Pool
|
D | 3:5 | WEI Lucas | 71 | - | E26 | 27 | 1651 | 1553 | 13.7 | 44% | ||
Pool
|
D | 4:5 | CHIEN Nolan | 58 | - | D25 | 40 | Durkan Fencing Academy | 1442 | 1539 | 17.7 | 56% | |
T128
|
D | 7:15 | AYDOGDU Hakan | 36 | - | C25 | 3 | Durkan Fencing Academy | 2276 | 1665 | 17.2 | 16% |
Place 41 of 57 Seed 47 Not ranked Rating E24 Olympian Fencing Studio
| Bout | Score | Opponent | Country | Seed | Rank | Rating | Place | Club | Opponent Strength |
Strength | Change | Win Chance |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pool
|
V | 5:1 | COOPER Samuel | 49 | - | U | 55 | Sheridan Fencing Academy / Sheridan Fencing Academy of Westchester | 1072 | 1569 | 7.9 | 78% | |
Pool
|
D | 3:5 | SADHU Neiyam | 7 | 181 | C25 | 20 | Aura Fencing Academy | 2034 | 1577 | 8.5 | 23% | |
Pool
|
D | 3:5 | LIEBOWITZ Carson | 25 | - | D25 | 37 | Manhattan Fencing Center | 1609 | 1569 | 16.4 | 47% | |
Pool
|
V | 5:4 | MEDVINSKY Daniel | 33 | - | E26 | 31 | Dynamo Fencing Center Inc. | 1824 | 1552 | 23.6 | 33% | |
Pool
|
D | 0:5 | KARAVAS Nicholas | 12 | - | C26 | 5 | Fencing Academy Of Boston | 2046 | 1576 | 7.9 | 22% | |
T64
|
D | 8:15 | LIU Ryan | 42 | - | E25 | 25 | Manhattan Fencing Center | 1949 | 1699 | 34.3 | 34% |
Place 43 of 113 Seed 63 Not ranked Rating E24 Olympian Fencing Studio
| Bout | Score | Opponent | Country | Seed | Rank | Rating | Place | Club | Opponent Strength |
Strength | Change | Win Chance |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pool
|
V | 5:0 | ALCAREZ Emmett | 76 | - | U | 111 | Zeta Fencing | 775 | 1541 | 5.2 | 88% | |
Pool
|
V | 5:1 | QIN Lucas | 106 | - | U | 103 | Tim Morehouse Fencing Club | 1284 | 1546 | 13.0 | 66% | |
Pool
|
D | 2:5 | WELSTEAD Nicholas | 40 | - | E25 | 37 | Dynamo Fencing Center Inc. | 1598 | 1559 | 18.0 | 47% | |
Pool
|
D | 2:5 | LUAN Mark | 6 | 105 | E25 | 8 | Axis Fencing Club | 1917 | 1541 | 10.5 | 27% | |
Pool
|
V | 5:2 | WANG Theodore | 29 | - | D25 | 41 | Z1 Fencing Club | 1717 | 1531 | 23.1 | 38% | |
Pool
|
V | 5:3 | JAGANNATHAN Ajay | 110 | - | U | 69 | Cobra Fencing Club LLC | 1444 | 1554 | 15.4 | 57% | |
T128
|
V | 15:2 | NIEJADLIK Samuel | 44 | - | E25 | 97 | Tim Morehouse Fencing Club (Port Chester) | 1310 | 1737 | 28.6 | 74% | |
T64
|
D | 9:15 | VISH Manyu | 68 | - | U | 24 | Delaware Valley Fencers Club-PA | 1551 | 1766 | 66.4 | 63% |
Place 46 of 80 Seed 43 Not ranked Rating E24 Olympian Fencing Studio
| Bout | Score | Opponent | Country | Seed | Rank | Rating | Place | Club | Opponent Strength |
Strength | Change | Win Chance |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pool
|
D | 4:5 | ZHAO Royce | 6 | 101 | C25 | 14 | Z1 Fencing Club | 2091 | 1573 | 9.1 | 20% | |
Pool
|
V | 5:2 | GAO Francis | 70 | - | U | 72 | Zeta Fencing | 1040 | 1564 | 8.9 | 80% | |
Pool
|
V | 5:4 | TANJGA Luka | 74 | - | U | 44 | Manhattan Fencing Center | 896 | 1573 | 6.4 | 87% | |
Pool
|
V | 5:1 | DY Azriel | 57 | - | U | 76 | Excel Fencing Academy | 630 | 1579 | 3.2 | 94% | |
Pool
|
D | 0:5 | AROUNA Ilan | 19 | - | D25 | 5 | Tim Morehouse Fencing Club | 1865 | 1583 | 13.4 | 32% | |
Pool
|
D | 2:5 | LIEU Nicholas | 42 | - | E24 | 44 | Fencing Academy Of Philadelphia - University City | 1274 | 1569 | 28.1 | 69% | |
T64
|
D | 12:15 | ZWAKA Jonas | 27 | - | D25 | 23 | Sheridan Fencing Academy | 2001 | 1780 | 42.7 | 36% |
Place 34 of 45 Seed 27 Not ranked Rating E24 Olympian Fencing Studio
| Bout | Score | Opponent | Country | Seed | Rank | Rating | Place | Club | Opponent Strength |
Strength | Change | Win Chance |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pool
|
D | 3:5 | LORENZ Evan | 16 | - | D24 | 26 | Candlewood Fencing | 1666 | 1632 | 22.6 | 48% | |
Pool
|
D | 3:5 | DREYER William | 42 | - | U | 23 | Mission Fencing Center | 1505 | 1609 | 25.7 | 57% | |
Pool
|
D | 3:5 | LAZARTE Gabriel | 29 | - | E24 | 21 | Durkan Fencing Academy | 1475 | 1584 | 25.6 | 57% | |
Pool
|
V | 5:1 | BHARDWAJ Riya | 40 | - | U | 44 | Durkan Fencing Academy | - | - | - | - | |
Pool
|
V | 5:2 | TSAO Alister | 13 | - | D24 | 16 | Shoreline Fencers Club / Manhattan Fencing Center | 1606 | 1558 | 23.2 | 47% | |
Pool
|
D | 2:5 | LIU Jerry | 2 | - | A24 | 9 | New York Athletic Club / Fencers Club Inc. | 2185 | 1581 | 7.8 | 16% | |
T64
|
D | 4:15 | WITCZAK Mateus | 18 | - | D24 | 31 | Stamford Fencing Center, LLC | 1993 | 1829 | 49.7 | 40% |
Place 2 of 7 Seed 2 Not ranked Rating E24 Olympian Fencing Studio
| Bout | Score | Opponent | Country | Seed | Rank | Rating | Place | Club | Opponent Strength |
Strength | Change | Win Chance |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pool
|
V | 5:1 | MERCURE Edward (Tony) | 7 | - | U | 3 | Pioneer Valley Fencing Academy | 776 | 1571 | 6.2 | 90% | |
Pool
|
V | 5:0 | BROGAN Samantha | 6 | - | U | 7 | Enfield Fencing Club | - | - | - | - | |
Pool
|
V | 5:3 | MAPES Tanner | 3 | - | E24 | 3 | Candlewood Fencing | 1263 | 1577 | 15.9 | 70% | |
Pool
|
V | 5:4 | FRISBEE John | 4 | - | E24 | 5 | Candlewood Fencing | 1124 | 1593 | 11.8 | 78% | |
Pool
|
V | 5:2 | LORENZ Evan | 1 | - | D24 | 1 | Candlewood Fencing | 1695 | 1605 | 27.3 | 44% | |
Pool
|
V | 5:2 | MCGLYNN Mary | 5 | - | U | 6 | Candlewood Fencing | - | - | - | - | |
T4
|
V | 15:10 | MERCURE Edward (Tony) | 7 | - | U | 3 | Pioneer Valley Fencing Academy | 1454 | 1852 | 39.3 | 72% | |
T2
|
D | 8:15 | LORENZ Evan | 1 | - | D24 | 1 | Candlewood Fencing | 1949 | 1891 | 61.7 | 46% |
Place 37 of 93 Seed 34 Not ranked Rating E24 Olympian Fencing Studio
| Bout | Score | Opponent | Country | Seed | Rank | Rating | Place | Club | Opponent Strength |
Strength | Change | Win Chance |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pool
|
V | 5:2 | EARLEY Jack | 79 | - | U | 84 | Zeta Fencing | 1031 | 1546 | 13.0 | 80% | |
Pool
|
V | 5:1 | GERTSBERG Eli | 63 | - | U | 46 | Dynamo Fencing Center Inc. | 1467 | 1559 | 25.6 | 56% | |
Pool
|
D | 1:5 | ZHANG Ray | 23 | 167 | U | 35 | Manhattan Fencing Center | 1552 | 1585 | 29.3 | 52% | |
Pool
|
V | 5:1 | MENCIN Thomas | 94 | - | U | 93 | Tim Morehouse Fencing Club | 1217 | 1555 | 15.7 | 69% | |
Pool
|
V | 5:2 | ZWAKA Jonas | 50 | - | U | 68 | Sheridan Fencing Academy | 1099 | 1571 | 12.6 | 77% | |
Pool
|
D | 1:5 | BIVIJI Ali | 6 | 94 | E24 | 3 | Cobra Fencing Club Llc | 2027 | 1584 | 13.1 | 23% | |
T64
|
D | 3:15 | HU Jayden | 67 | - | U | 30 | Manhattan Fencing Center | 1998 | 1921 | 69.6 | 45% |
Place 3 of 9 Seed 7 Not ranked Rating U Olympian Fencing Studio
| Bout | Score | Opponent | Country | Seed | Rank | Rating | Place | Club | Opponent Strength |
Strength | Change | Win Chance |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pool
|
V | 5:1 | VEGA Austin | 3 | - | U | 9 | (none) | 2500 | 1395 | 41.0 | 14% | |
Pool
|
V | 5:0 | PETERSON Tabitha | 6 | - | U | 5 | Candlewood Fencing Center | - | - | - | - | |
Pool
|
D | 2:5 | BAKER Alexander | 2 | - | U | 2 | Candlewood Fencing Center | 2651 | 1436 | 5.5 | 11% | |
Pool
|
V | 5:4 | DESANTIS Benjamin | 1 | - | U | 3 | Beaches Sabre Club - NY | 1672 | 1431 | 44.1 | 35% | |
Pool
|
V | 5:0 | GUZMAN Angel | 9 | - | U | 7 | Unattached | 768 | 1475 | 10.1 | 85% | |
Pool
|
V | 5:0 | GROSSO-SIEBECKER Toren | 4 | - | U | 8 | 749 | 1485 | 9.5 | 85% | ||
Pool
|
V | 5:0 | LORENZ Evan | 8 | - | U | 1 | Candlewood Fencing Center | 1628 | 1494 | 36.8 | 41% | |
Pool
|
V | 5:0 | LESLEY Joseph | 5 | - | U | 6 | 1093 | 1531 | 15.0 | 74% | ||
T8
|
V | 15:2 | GROSSO-SIEBECKER Toren | 4 | - | U | 8 | 2921 | 1887 | 120.7 | 14% | ||
T4
|
D | 8:15 | LORENZ Evan | 8 | - | U | 1 | Candlewood Fencing Center | 1970 | 2008 | 86.8 | 52% |
Place 3 of 15 Seed 15 Not ranked Rating U Olympian Fencing Studio
| Bout | Score | Opponent | Country | Seed | Rank | Rating | Place | Club | Opponent Strength |
Strength | Change | Win Chance |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pool
|
V | 5:3 | MAROSFOI Virag | 3 | - | E23 | 11 | Hills Fencing Institute (H3) | - | - | - | - | |
Pool
|
D | 4:5 | LORENZ Evan | 10 | - | U | 6 | Candlewood Fencing Center | 1582 | 1398 | 28.7 | 38% | |
Pool
|
V | 5:0 | KIRCSAK Logan | 9 | - | U | 15 | 1188 | 1369 | 26.0 | 61% | ||
Pool
|
V | 5:2 | WOTZAK Kaia | 5 | - | E23 | 8 | Candlewood Fencing Center | - | - | - | - | |
T16
|
V | 15:2 | MCGLYNN Mary | 14 | - | U | 13 | Candlewood Fencing Center | - | - | - | - | |
T8
|
V | 15:14 | LORENZ Evan | 10 | - | U | 6 | Candlewood Fencing Center | 2014 | 1817 | 136.4 | 39% | |
T4
|
D | 6:15 | RIDKY Sam | 7 | - | E23 | 1 | Shoreline Fencers Club | 2238 | 1953 | 66.0 | 34% |
Place 3 of 12 Seed 6 Not ranked Rating U Olympian Fencing Studio
| Bout | Score | Opponent | Country | Seed | Rank | Rating | Place | Club | Opponent Strength |
Strength | Change | Win Chance |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pool
|
V | 5:1 | JACQUES Hugo | 10 | - | U | 7 | Stamford Fencing Club | 1251 | 1362 | 37.8 | 57% | |
Pool
|
V | 5:3 | BUTLER William | 7 | - | U | 3 | Shoreline Fencers Club | 1586 | 1400 | 50.6 | 39% | |
Pool
|
V | 5:0 | FRUNZIO Roberto | 2 | - | U | 9 | Shoreline Fencers Club | 692 | 1450 | 11.2 | 87% | |
Pool
|
D | 2:5 | MAPES Tanner | 3 | - | U | 1 | Candlewood Fencing Center | 1008 | 1462 | 64.0 | 77% | |
Pool
|
D | 4:5 | FOURNIER Madison | 11 | - | U | 11 | Enfield Fencing Club | - | - | - | - | |
T8
|
V | 15:5 | REELS Eric | 5 | - | U | 6 | Blackstone Valley Fencing Academy | 2079 | 1830 | 110.7 | 40% | |
T4
|
D | 11:15 | BOWEN Brock | 1 | - | U | 2 | Shoreline Fencers Club | 1599 | 1940 | 123.1 | 65% |
Place 61 of 72 Seed 30 Not ranked Rating U Olympian Fencing Studio
| Bout | Score | Opponent | Country | Seed | Rank | Rating | Place | Club | Opponent Strength |
Strength | Change | Win Chance |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pool
|
D | 0:5 | ONG Dylan | 7 | 97 | E23 | 8 | Zeta Fencing | 1769 | 1390 | 32.0 | 27% | |
Pool
|
D | 1:5 | BALE ATMAN | 16 | - | E23 | 15 | Escrimeur Fencers Club | 1858 | 1358 | 24.5 | 21% | |
Pool
|
D | 2:5 | MERMEGAS Alexander | 51 | - | U | 44 | Tim Morehouse Fencing Club | 1750 | 1333 | 27.2 | 25% | |
Pool
|
D | 0:5 | FADEL Alexander | 63 | - | U | 3 | Tim Morehouse Fencing Club | 2079 | 1306 | 12.7 | 11% | |
Pool
|
V | 5:3 | FORSTED Ian | 39 | - | U | 57 | Tim Morehouse Fencing Club | 1708 | 1293 | 69.0 | 27% | |
T128
|
V | 15:13 | CHAN Ewan | 55 | - | U | 67 | Platinum Fencing Academy | 1467 | 1823 | 111.3 | 69% | |
T64
|
D | 8:15 | ZHAO Royce | 5 | 77 | U | 5 | Tim Morehouse Fencing Club | 2227 | 1934 | 104.7 | 34% |
Place 32 of 72 Seed 24 Not ranked Rating U Olympian Fencing Studio
| Bout | Score | Opponent | Country | Seed | Rank | Rating | Place | Club | Opponent Strength |
Strength | Change | Win Chance |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pool
|
V | 5:3 | FARBER Jake | 19 | - | U | 50 | Zeta Fencing | 763 | 1500 | 24.9 | 87% | |
Pool
|
V | 5:2 | LOSQUADRO Joseph | 51 | - | U | 47 | Mission Fencing Center | 1027 | 1525 | 37.1 | 78% | |
Pool
|
V | 5:3 | NA Justin | 54 | - | U | 48 | Manhattan Fencing Center | 1569 | 1562 | 60.9 | 50% | |
Pool
|
D | 2:5 | MAGITSKY Isaac | 29 | - | U | 36 | Dynamo Fencing Center Inc. | 1119 | 1623 | 117.0 | 78% | |
Pool
|
D | 0:5 | CHAMBERS Miles | 5 | 52 | E23 | 5 | Tim Morehouse Fencing Club | 2374 | 1506 | 13.5 | 9% | |
Pool
|
D | 4:5 | MARSHQUIST Miles | 41 | - | U | 39 | Zeta Fencing | 959 | 1493 | 103.0 | 79% | |
T64
|
V | 15:9 | KHOTLINE Daniel | 67 | - | U | 33 | Zeta Fencing | 1884 | 1675 | 219.2 | 41% | |
T32
|
D | 5:15 | CLARK Aram | 3 | 41 | E23 | 3 | Tim Morehouse Fencing Club | 2621 | 1894 | 71.0 | 16% |
Place 3 of 6 Seed 2 Not ranked Rating U Olympian Fencing Studio
| Bout | Score | Opponent | Country | Seed | Rank | Rating | Place | Club | Opponent Strength |
Strength | Change | Win Chance |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pool
|
D | 3:5 | WEISS Toby | 5 | - | U | 1 | Olympian Fencing Studio | 1129 | 1452 | 163.1 | 68% | |
Pool
|
V | 5:0 | GUZMAN Angel | 3 | - | U | 6 | 1379 | 1289 | 85.4 | 46% | ||
Pool
|
D | 2:5 | YEPEZ Sophia | 4 | - | U | 5 | Candlewood Fencing Center | - | - | - | - | |
Pool
|
V | 5:4 | LIBBY Benjamin | 1 | - | U | 2 | Shoreline Fencing Club | 1268 | 1374 | 82.7 | 56% | |
Pool
|
V | 5:2 | MAPES Tanner | 6 | - | U | 3 | Candlewood Fencing Center | 987 | 1457 | 43.3 | 75% | |
T8
|
V | 15:3 | GUZMAN Angel | 3 | - | U | 6 | 2500 | 1787 | 399.8 | 28% | ||
T4
|
D | 14:15 | LIBBY Benjamin | 1 | - | U | 2 | Shoreline Fencing Club | 1387 | 2187 | 512.1 | 82% |
Place 6 of 15 Seed 5 Not ranked Rating U Olympian Fencing Studio
| Bout | Score | Opponent | Country | Seed | Rank | Rating | Place | Club | Opponent Strength |
Strength | Change | Win Chance |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pool
|
D | 2:5 | FRISBEE John | 11 | - | U | 5 | Candlewood Fencing Center | 1448 | 1338 | 147.1 | 44% | |
Pool
|
V | 5:2 | LIBBY Benjamin | 14 | - | U | 9 | Shoreline Fencing Club | 1344 | 1191 | 177.8 | 42% | |
Pool
|
V | 5:1 | CUTLER Juliet | 2 | - | U | 15 | Candlewood Fencing Center | - | - | - | - | |
Pool
|
V | 5:0 | FOURNIER Madison | 7 | - | U | 11 | Enfield Fencing Club | 1130 | 1369 | 83.2 | 61% | |
T16
|
V | 15:6 | YEPEZ Sophia | 13 | - | U | 13 | Candlewood Fencing Center | - | - | - | - | |
T8
|
D | 6:15 | MCKEON Timothy | 1 | - | U | 3 | Candlewood Fencing Center | 2383 | 2079 | 292.5 | 39% |
Place 9 of 10 Seed 6 Not ranked Rating U Olympian Fencing Studio
| Bout | Score | Opponent | Country | Seed | Rank | Rating | Place | Club | Opponent Strength |
Strength | Change | Win Chance |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pool
|
D | 4:5 | KUNZ Peter | 3 | - | U | 5 | Tim Morehouse Fencing Club Portchester | 1705 | 2500 | 897.5 | 78% | |
Pool
|
D | 2:5 | SWIFT Owen | 9 | - | U | 3 | Shoreline Fencing Club | 1568 | 1603 | 336.5 | 52% | |
Pool
|
V | 5:2 | YEHE-NARA William | 7 | - | U | 8 | Candlewood Fencing Center | 1167 | 1266 | 198.5 | 54% | |
Pool
|
D | 3:5 | DUMOULIN Gabriel | 2 | - | E22 | 1 | Candlewood Fencing Center | 1878 | 1465 | 126.6 | 29% | |
T16
|
D | 12:15 | YEHE-NARA William | 7 | - | U | 8 | Candlewood Fencing Center | 2500 | 2500 | 420.5 | 50% |